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Adequate Ventilation

Outdoor air ventilation [cfm/occupant or cfm/sq ft] vs. total airflow [air changes per hour]

  • Historical guidelines

  • Past building codes

  • Current requirements

  • Proposed addenda to ASHRAE Std. 62-1999

Historical Guidelines

  • Proposed by Dr. John S. Billings in “Ventilation and Health”, The Engineering Record, New York, NY, 1893:

    • Offices - 30 cfm per person

    • Schools & Churches - 40 cfm per person

    • Legislature Halls - 60 cfm per seat

Past Building Codes

  • The history of building codes in the State of Wisconsin has left a legacy of schools, offices and commercial spaces ventilated at 1/3 to 1/2 of the current minimum rate recommended by ASHRAE:

    • Wisconsin Administrative Code, Comm. 64.05(2)(a) [Table 64.05]:  changed from 5 cfm/occupant to 7-1/2 cfm/occupant in April 1996, but was “stayed” until April 1997.

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